Color blindness is also known as a chromosomal disorder. It refers to the inability of the eye to distinguish between colors of objects such as red, green, or blue, or when mixing these colors together. Depending on the severity of color blindness, the ability to perceive the above colors is reduced or not seen at all.
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What types of color blindness are there?
Red-green color blindness:
It occurs when the red or green cones are not working properly or are not working at all. Have some kind:
Mild green blindness: This is the most common form of color blindness and affects up to 5% of men but is rare in women. It happens when the green cones don't work as they should. Yellow and green look redder, and it's hard to distinguish blue from purple.
Mild red blindness: It occurs when your red cone cells are not working as they should. Oranges, reds, and yellows look greener, and colors are less bright. It is usually mild and does not cause problems in everyday life. This is a very rare form of color blindness in women and affects about 1% of men.
Red-blind: You have no active red cones. Simple red looks dark gray. Some shades of orange, yellow, and green look yellow. It is very rare in women and affects about 1% of men.
Green blindness occurs when you do not have working green cones. Red can be yellow-brown, and green can be beige (light yellowish gray). It affects 1% of men and is rare in women.
Blue-yellow color blindness:
This type of color blindness affects men and women equally. This condition occurs in fewer than 1 in 10,000 people worldwide.
It happens when your blue cones are missing or not working correctly. This is the second most common type, and it affects men and women equally.
Mild blue-yellow color blindness occurs when your blue cone cells work in a limited way. Blue looks greener, and pink from yellow and red is hard to see. It's extremely rare.
Blue-yellow color blindness happens when you don't have blue cones. Blue looks green, and yellow looks light gray or purple. It's extremely rare.
Complete color blindness
You don't see any color at all, and your vision may not be clear.
There are two types:
Total cone color blindness: It happens when two of your three cones (red, green, or blue, don't work. When only one type of cone is active, it can be difficult to distinguish one color from another. And if one of your faulty cones is blue, your vision may not be as sharp. You may be nearsighted and experience uncontrolled eye movements. This is a condition known as nystagmus.
Total rod color blindness is the most severe form of color blindness. None of your cones have active light-sensitive pigment. As a result, the world appears to you in black, white, and gray. Bright light can hurt your eyes. You may have uncontrolled eye movements (nystagmus).
